The report measures, using data from the homes themselves and their inhabitants, the degree to which the State fulfills its obligations regarding social rights. In the south of the country, housing is the most visible shortcoming.
The National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) evaluates the materials used to construct the house and whether its dimensions are sufficient for its inhabitants, as well as access to basic services, such as water, drainage, electricity, and other essential services.
Within this framework, the national situation shows progress in 2024. Nationwide, 92.1% of the population did not experience deficiencies in housing quality and space, while 85.9% had access to basic services in their homes, according to the 2024 Social Development Index (SIDS).
Both indicators improved compared to 2016. However, these national averages mask differences between states.
In Chiapas, Guerrero, and Oaxaca, the situation is different. In these three states, the percentages of the population without deficiencies in housing quality and space ranged between 73.8% and 81.2% in 2024, figures that are between 10 and almost 20 percentage points below the national average.
In basic services, the gap is even more pronounced: only between 51.3% and 53.4% of their population had access to these services, compared to the national average of 85.9%.
The SIDS (Social Development Index), based on the Human Rights-Based Approach, identifies whether public interventions realize social rights with equality and progressivity, explains INEGI (National Institute of Statistics and Geography).
Among basic services, access to daily water is where the gap is widest. In 2024, the national average of the population with daily water supply in their homes was 53.4%, a figure that in itself reveals a widespread deficit.
But in Chiapas, Guerrero, and Oaxaca, that percentage drops to 24% or less, according to SIDS data.
At the opposite end of the spectrum, states like Nuevo León, Baja California, Chihuahua, and Sinaloa reported that 81.1% or more of their population had daily access to water in their homes. The gap between these two extremes is more than 57 percentage points.
SIDS has had coverage since 2016, allowing for tracking the evolution of housing indicators over eight years.
Nationally, regarding housing quality and space, the percentage of the population without deprivation increased from 88% in 2016 to 92.1% in 2024. In basic services, the improvement was from 80.8% to 85.9% during the same period.
In the three states with the greatest deficiencies, there was also upward movement, although from a much lower base and without reaching the national average.
Although the indicator has improved, deficiencies persist in the same states. (Robert_Ford/Getty Images/iStockphoto)
In Guerrero, the percentage of the population without deficiencies in quality and space increased from 68.3% in 2016 to 73.9% in 2024. In Oaxaca, the increase was the most notable of the three, rising from 73.7% to 81.1%. In Chiapas, the increase was from 75.5% to 81.0%.
In basic services, the evolution was also positive but slower. Oaxaca went from 38.0% in 2016 to 53.3% in 2024, a jump of more than 15 percentage points, although it remains the state with the lowest level in this indicator.
In Guerrero, the percentage rose from 49.8% to 52.6%, and in Chiapas from 47.7% to 51.4%. In contrast, the national average was 85.9%, meaning that even with the improvement, the three southern states remain more than 30 points below the average.
Regarding daily water supply, Chiapas went from 9.2% in 2016 to 14.0% in 2024, Guerrero from 9.2% to 9.3%, and Oaxaca from 8.8% to 15.7%.
The national average, however, was 53.4% in 2024, virtually the same as in 2016 (54.8%).
Outside the south, the housing landscape in Mexico presents a heterogeneous reality. The states with the best results in housing quality and space in 2024 were Coahuila (97.5%), Nuevo León (97.4%), and Aguascalientes (97.1%). In basic services, Nuevo León led the way with 98.1%, followed by Coahuila with 98.1% and Aguascalientes with 98.0%.
Campeche, Veracruz, Tabasco, and Quintana Roo registered intermediate levels, with less lag than the southern states but still below the national average in some indicators.
Tabasco, for example, had 66.2% access to basic services in 2024, placing it as the fourth state with the lowest access in this area.
Source: obras.expansion
